International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine
Volume 11, Issue 2 , Pages 43-51 , June 2008

Consistency of standing and seated posture of asymptomatic male adults over a one-week interval: A digital camera analysis of multiple landmarks

Received 20 November 2007 ,Revised 25 February 2008 ,Accepted 25 February 2008.

References 

  1. Ward R. Foundations for osteopathic medicine. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1997;p. 969
  2. Petty NJ, Moore AP. Neuromusculoskeletal examination and assessment. 2nd ed.. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2001;p. 38
  3. Magee DJ. Orthopaedic physical assessment. In: Philadelphia  editors. 4th ed.. Saunders; 2002;p. 10
  4. Greenman PE. Principles of manual medicine. In: Philadelphia  editors. 3rd ed.. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2003;p. 20
  5. Kendall FP, McCreary EK. Muscles: testing and function. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1983;
  6. Sahrmann S. Diagnosis and treatment of movement impairment syndromes. St Louis: Mosby; 2002;p. 3
  7. Travell JG, Simons DG. Myofascial pain and dysfunction: the trigger point manual; The upper extremities Volume one. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1983;p. 9613
  8. Lederman E. Fundamentals of manual therapy. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1997;p. 124
  9. DiGiovanna EL, Schiowitz S. An osteopathic approach to diagnosis and treatment. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers; 1997;p. 34
  10. Adams M, Bogduk N, Burton K, Dolan P. Biomechanics of back pain. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2002;p. 163
  11. Nachemson A, Morris JM. In vivo measurements of intradiscal pressure. J Bone Joint Surg. 1964;46A:1077–1092
  12. Nachemson AL. Disc pressure measurements. Spine. 1981;6:93–97
  13. Kayis B, Hoang K. Static three-dimensional modelling of prolonged seated posture. Appl Ergon. 1999;30:255–262
  14. Szeto GPY, Straker L, Raine S. A field comparison of neck and shoulder postures in symptomatic and asymptomatic office workers. Appl Ergon. 2002;33:75–84
  15. Schuldt K, Ekholm J, Harms-Ringdahl K, Arborelius UP. Effects of changes in sitting work posture on static neck and shoulder muscle activity. Ergonomics. 1986;29:1525–1537
  16. Winkel J, Westgaard RH. Occupational and individual risk factors for shoulder–neck complaints: part II – the scientific basis (literature review) for the guide. Int J Ind Ergon. 1992;10:85–104
  17. Burgess-Limerick R. Gaze angle, heterophoria, and neck biomechanics: implications for the height of visual display units. In: Proceedings of the 36th annual conference of the ergonomics society of Australia Inc. Adelaide, Australia. 2000;p. 7–13
  18. Aras A. Work with visual display unit (VDU). Health consequences. Ergonomics society of Australia 35th annual conference. Fremantle, Western Australia; 1999. p. 33–60.
  19. Sandham A. Repeatability of head posture recordings from lateral cephalometric radiographs. Br J Orthod. 1988;15:157–162
  20. Propst-Proctor SL, Bleck EE. Radiographic determination of lordosis and kyphosis in normal and scoliotic children. J Pediatr Orthop B. 1983;3:334–346
  21. Refshauge K, Goodsell M, Lee M. Consistency of cervical and cervicothoracic posture in standing. Aust J Physiother. 1994;40:235–239
  22. Watson AWS, Mac Donncha C. A reliable technique for the assessment of posture: assessment criteria for aspects of posture. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2000;40:260–270
  23. Bullock-Saxton J. Postural alignment in standing: a repeatability study. Aust J Physiother. 1993;39:25–29
  24. Hanten WP, Olson SL, Russell JL, Lucio RM, Campbell AH. Total head excursion and resting head posture: normal and patient comparisons. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81:62–66
  25. Rothstein JM, Echternach JL. Prime on measurement: an introductory guide to measurement issues. Alexandria: American Physical Therapy Association; 1993;p. 73
  26. Melzack R. The McGill pain questionnaire: major properties and scoring methods. Pain. 1975;1:280–281
  27. Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistics notes: measurement error. BMJ. 1996;313:744
  28. Shrout PE, Fleiss JL. Intraclass correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychol Bull. 1979;86:420–428
  29. Hopkins WG. A new view of statistics. Internet Society for Sport Science. <http://www.sportsci.org/resource/stats/>[accessed 15.01.07]
  30. Dunk NM, Chung YY, Sullivan Compton DS, Callaghan JP. The reliability of quantifying upright standing postures as a baseline diagnostic clinical tool. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004;27:91–96
  31. Dunk NM, Lalonde J, Callaghan JP. Implications for the use of postural analysis as a clinical diagnostic tool: reliability of quantifying upright standing spinal postures from photographic images. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2005;28:386–392
  32. Harrison AL, Barry-Greb T, Wojtowicz G. Clinical measurement of head and shoulder posture variables. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1996;23:353–361
  33. Winter DA. Kinematic and kinetic patterns in human gait: variability and compensating effects. Hum Mov Sci. 1984;3:51–76
  34. Kitaoka K, Ito R, Araki H, Sei H, Morita Y. Effect of mood state on anticipatory postural adjustments. Neurosci Lett. 2004;370:65–68
  35. Hellebrandt F. Standing as a geotropic reflex: the mechanism of the asynchronous rotation of motor units. Am J Physiol. 1938;121:471–474
  36. Nashner LM. Sensory, neuromuscular and biomechanical contributions to human balance. In: American Physical Therapy Association Forum on Balance. Nashville, Tenesse, June 1989. American Physical Therapy Association; 1990;
  37. Essendrop M, Maul I, Laubli T, Riihimaki H, Schibye B. Measures of low back function: a review of reproducibility studies. Clin Biomech. 2002;17:235–249
  38. McBeth J, Jones K. Epidemiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2007;21:403–425

PII: S1746-0689(08)00021-7

doi: 10.1016/j.ijosm.2008.02.006

International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine
Volume 11, Issue 2 , Pages 43-51 , June 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution