International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine
Volume 11, Issue 1 , Pages 16-25 , March 2008

Reliability of physical examination to assess asymmetry of anatomical landmarks indicative of pelvic somatic dysfunction in subjects with and without low back pain

Received 27 November 2007 ,Revised 19 December 2007 ,Accepted 3 January 2008.

References 

  1. Ward RC. Foundations for osteopathic medicine. 2nd ed.. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2003;
  2. American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine. Glossary of osteopathic terminology; 2006. p. 1127–40.
  3. Parsons J, Marcer N. Osteopathy: models for diagnosis, treatment and practice. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2006;
  4. Seffinger MA, Hruby RJ. Evidence-based manual medicine. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2007;
  5. Stone C. Science in the art of osteopathy. Cheltenham, UK: Stanley Thornes (Publishers) Ltd; 1999;
  6. Fleiss J. Statistical methods for rates and proportions. 3rd ed.. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley-Interscience; 2003;
  7. Straus SE, Richardson WS, Glasziou P, Haynes RB. Evidence-based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. 3rd ed.. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2005;
  8. Seffinger MA, Najm WI, Mishra SI, Adams A, Dickerson VM, Murphy LS, et al. Reliability of spinal palpation for diagnosis of back and neck pain: a systematic review of the literature. Spine. 2004;29:E413–E425
  9. Stochkendahl MJ, Christensen HW, Hartvigsen J, Vach W, Haas M, Hestbaek L, et al. Manual examination of the spine: a systematic critical literature review of reproducibility. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2006;29:475–485
  10. Degenhardt BF, Snider KT, Snider EJ, Johnson JC. Interobserver reliability of osteopathic palpatory diagnostic tests of the lumbar spine: improvements from consensus training. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2005;105:465–473
  11. Fryer G, McPherson HC, O'Keefe P. The effect of training on the inter-examiner and intra-examiner reliability of the seated flexion test and assessment of pelvic anatomical landmarks with palpation. Int J Osteopath Med. 2005;8:131–138
  12. Gemmell H, Miller P. Interexaminer reliability of multidimensional examination regimens used for detecting spinal manipulable lesions: a systematic review. Clinical Chiropr. 2005;8:199–204
  13. Hestboek L, Leboeuf-Yde C. Are chiropractic tests for the lumbo-pelvic spine reliable and valid? A systematic critical literature review. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2000;23:258–275
  14. May S, Littlewook C, Bishop A. Reliability of procedures used in the physical examination of non-specific low back pain: a systematic review. Aust J Physiother. 2006;52:91–102
  15. van Trijffel E, Anderegg Q, Bossuyt PM, Lucas C. Inter-examiner reliability of passive assessment of intervertebral motion in the cervical and lumbar spine: a systematic review. Man Ther. 2005;10:256–269
  16. Byrt T, Bishop J, Carlin JB. Bias, prevalence and kappa. J Clin Epidemiol. 1993;46:423–429
  17. Lantz CA, Nebenzahl E. Behavior and interpretation of the κ statistic: a resolution of the two paradoxes. J Clin Epidemiol. 1996;49:431–434
  18. Feinstein AR, Cicchetti DV. High agreement but low kappa: I. The problems of two paradoxes. J Clin Epidemiol. 1990;43:543–549
  19. Cicchetti DV, Feinstein AR. High agreement but low kappa: II. Resolving the paradoxes. J Clin Epidemiol. 1990;43:551–558
  20. Greenman PE. Principles of manual medicine. 3rd ed.. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2003;
  21. Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educ Psychol Meas. 1960;20:37–46
  22. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33:159–174
  23. Bogduk N, McGuirk B. Management of acute and chronic neck pain. An evidence-based approach. Pain research and clinical management. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2006;
  24. Whiting P, Rutjes AW, Reitsma JB, Bossuyt PM, Kleijnen J. The development of QUADAS: a tool for the quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy included in systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2003;3:25
  25. Bossuyt PM, Reitsma JB, Bruns DE, Gatsonis CA, Glasziou PP, Irwig LM, et al. Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:40–44
  26. Delamothe T. Diagnosis – the next frontier. Br Med J. 2006;333:http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/333/7565/0-f

PII: S1746-0689(08)00004-7

doi: 10.1016/j.ijosm.2008.01.003

International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine
Volume 11, Issue 1 , Pages 16-25 , March 2008